From ancient Jerusalem to today's urban battlefields in Ukraine and Gaza, we can find many examples of urban conflicts that have been heavily influenced by their underground components. But how should military forces categorize subterranean spaces and consider the different functions of underground structures? How does this subterranean dimension influence the conduct of military operations? What about the unique hazards of sending soldiers underground? And what are some of the planning considerations for attacking or defending subterranean positions? This episode addresses those questions and more in a comprehensive overview of underground warfare.
In this episode, John Spencer is joined by Captain Ryan Danowitz of the El Segundo Police Department. Drawing on his eighteen years of policing...
When Russia invaded Ukraine in February 2022, one of its first targets was the city of Mariupol. Despite being outnumbered by—and less well equipped...
In this episode, John Spencer is joined by Dr. Anthony King, a professor of war studies at the University of Warwick and the author...